Quantifying voluntary knee strength deficits and muscular contribution to torque in an anterior cruciate ligament-injured adolescent population using a musculoskeletal model

Surface electromyography is commonly used to elucidate the effect of anterior cruciate ligament injury on neuromuscular function. For comparisons, electromyography is normalized to a known value, such as peak activation during maximum voluntary isometric contractions. However, a knee injury may compromise one’s ability to achieve a true maximal effort. A simple musculoskeletal model may provide insight into injury related strength deficits.